Fortezza da Basso - Free Audio Guide

The Fortezza da Basso, also known as the Fortezza di San Giovanni Battista, is a significant example of modern fortification located in Florence, Italy. Constructed between 1534 and 1537 under the direction of Alessandro de' Medici, it was designed by architects Pier Francesco da Viterbo and Antonio da Sangallo the Younger. Initially named Castello Alessandria, the fortress was built to assert control over Florence, especially following the tumultuous period of the Siege of Florence. This pentagonal structure served not only a military purpose but also aimed to impress the citizens of Florence with its monumental design. The fortification features a mix of materials, including brick and stone, with a distinctive decorative style that reflects Renaissance aesthetics. Within its walls, visitors can find various areas of interest, including the impressive "mastio" (keep) and the historic Porta a Faenza. After serving military purposes for centuries, the Fortezza da Basso transitioned into a cultural and exhibition space in the late 20th century. Today, it is home to numerous events, conferences, and exhibitions, making it a vibrant part of Florence's contemporary cultural scene. The site also houses the Opificio delle Pietre Dure, a renowned restoration laboratory. Visitors can explore the fortress, including its gardens and the nearby Palazzo dei Congressi, while enjoying the blend of history and modernity that the Fortezza da Basso represents.